In extreme cases, political conflicts manifest as wars, like both World Wars posing a huge threat to international trade. Therefore, cross-border e-co妹妹erce businesses must pay attention to the international political environment.
Cross-border e-co妹妹erce companies must pay attention to laws and regulations in areas such as co妹妹erce and intellectual property. In addition, cross-border e-co妹妹erce platforms typically have complex rules that these companies must follow. For example, when setting up a store on Alibaba International, it is necessary to refer to the rules on prohibited and restricted sales, as well as other rules, in order to avoid violations of the law.
Marketing must analyze economic trends, the economic conditions of the target market, and whether customers' purchasing power matches the positioning of their own business and products.
Income levels and disparities in disposable income vary greatly among different countries, income not only affects purchasing power, but also shapes consumer styles. Therefore, analyzing income levels is very important for cross-border e-co妹妹erce companies. However, income data often involves personal privacy and cannot be directly investigated, so usually per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is used as a preliminary indicator of the personal wealth situation of a country's nationals, relevant data can be searched online.
For internat祛疣膏, ional trade and cross-border e-co妹妹erce businesses, exchange rates are a crucial factor that cannot be ignored. Since the cost of goods produced in a country is calculated in the local currency, when trading in the international market, the cost of goods will definitely be related to the exchange rate. The level of exchange rate directly affects the cost and price of the goods in the international market, directly impacting the international competitiveness of the goods.
Population changes include population growth, geographical migration, education level, family types, race, and beliefs, etc. Taking China as an example, the reform and opening up have achieved remarkable accomplishments globally. In addition to a series of policy dividends, the role of the demographic dividend should not be underestimated.
After World War II, the US economy grew rapidly, and this is closely tied to its relaxed tech environment. When companies engage in cross-border e-co妹妹erce, they must take into account the local tech environment, as the tech environment is also an important factor restricting the market.
For example, Transsion phones have beaten big brands like Nokia and Samsung in Africa, becoming the top dog in the phone market. This is because Transsion understands that technology in Africa is lagging behind, with many places unable to even guarantee basic electricity supply. That's why they developed phones that don't need to be charged with a cord, only requiring a number 5 battery to keep running.
The deterioration of the natural environment is a global issue, and green marketing hopes that companies and marketers can come up with solutions that can both maintain economic prosperity and protect the environment.
For cross-border e-co妹妹erce, maybe you don't need to worry about shortages of raw materials or increasing energy costs, but considering the pressure from different countries against pollution, businesses also need to think about whether their exported products meet the environmental requirements of that country. Different countries have varying levels of focus and effort on promoting environmental cleanliness, with developed countries generally having stronger measures compared to less developed countries.
A supplier refers 日本酵素,to a supplier unit that provides specific raw materials, auxiliary materials, equipment, energy, labor, capital, and other resources needed for production by enterprises. The changes in these resources directly affect the production volume, quality, and profits of enterprise products, thereby affecting the completion of the company's marketing plan and marketing objectives.
The supplier's ability mainly affects the effectiveness of marketing in the following aspects: 1) The timeliness and stability of supply; 2) Price changes in supplied goods; 3) Quality assurance of supply.
Buyers primarily influence the profitability of existing businesses in t兒童漱口水,he industry by their ability to negotiate prices and demand higher product or service quality. For example, Pinduoduo allows buyers to form groups, increasing their bargaining power.
Generally, a buyer's bargaining power increases in the following situations: ① The buyer base is large and has homogenized demand ② There is oversupply and many suppliers to choose from ③ The seller is composed of relatively large numbers of smaller enterprises, such as early Taobao.
三、同業業内現有竞争者的竞争能力Competitive ability of existing competitors in the same industry.
同業竞争經常表示在代價、告白、產物先容、售後辦事等方面，其竞争强度與很多身分有關。
Competing peers often show up in terms of pricing, advertising, product descriptions, after-sales services, etc., and the intensity of competition is influenced by many factors.
Generally speaking, increased competition can be seen in the following situations: ① a wide range of competitors participating, ② the market is becoming saturated with slow product demand growth, ③ competitors attempting to promote sales through price reductions, ④ competitors offering almost identical products or services with low user switching costs, ⑤ high exit barriers, meaning that the cost of exiting competition is higher than continuing to participate.
四、潜伏竞争者的進入能力Ability of potential competitors to enter
Potential competitors can bring fresh energy to the industry, but they might also end up competing with existing companies for raw materials and market share, ultimately leading to lower profits for current industry players. In severe cases, it could even threaten the survival of these companies.
潜伏竞争者可否進入取决于： ①資金气力； ②進入新范畴的停滞巨细； ③現有企業的反响环境。
The entry of potential competitors depends on: (1) The financial strength; (2) the size of obstacles to entering new fields; and (3) The response of existing enterprises.
Competitive behavior between two firms in different industries may arise because the products they produce are substitutes for each other, and this competition from substitutes may affect the competitive strategies of incumbent firms in the industry in various ways.
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